Machine foe the manufacture of twines



(No Model.) 4 sheets-sheen 1- W. H. AVIS. MACHINE FOR THE MANUFAGTURE OFTWINES, 650. No. 449,991. Patented Apr. '7, 1891.

(No Model.) n I K 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

AW. A VIs. MAGHINB POR THE MANUFAGTURB of TWINBS, &0. No. 449,991.PatentedApr. 7, 1891.

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"Hl l (No Model.) 4 sheetssheet s.

W. H. AVIS.

MACHINE-:POR THE MANUPACTURE 0F TWINBS, aw.

No. 449,991. Patented Apr. '7, 1891.

TH: Noms PETERS co.. moro-Lljrnof, wAsmnmon, u.' c.

v(No Model.) Y 4 sheets-sheet 4.

W, H. AVIS. MACHINE POR THE MANUFAGTURE OF'TWINES, &c.

Nol 449,991. Patented Apr. '7, 189.1.

f//Legss es [ferez/c6014 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

lVALTER H. AVIS, OF DOVERCOURT, ASSIGNOR TO ROBERT CHARLES FISHER, OFTORONTO, CANADA.

MACHINE FOR THE IVIANUFACTURE OF TWINES, 840.

SPECIFICATION forming part ot' Letters Patent No. 449,991, dated Aprilr7', 1891.

` Application tiled September 5, 1889. Serial No. 323,015. (No model.)

To [LZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER HERBERT A vIs, manufacturer, of the villageof Dovercourt, in the county of York, in the Province of Ontario,Canada,'have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machinesfor the Manufacture ot T wines, &c., of which the following is aspecification.

The object of the invention is to provide means for the manufacture ot'twines and small ropes, whereby considerable width of walk may bedispensed with and twines and small ropes of the best quality producedwith great rapidity and economy; and it consists, essentially, of avertical fixed twisting-frame located at one end ot the walk withwhirlhooks so arranged that adjoining whirl-hooks in the same rows aremade to rotate in opposite directions and adapted to make strands with aright or a left hand twist, as may be desired, posts with vertically-adjustable arms adapted to rotate so as to shift the position of the armsand serving to keep separate the various sets of strands, a movableguide or parting-frame adapted to lnove on a track andhaving armsprovided with parting-hooks, which arms pass between the adjustable armson the rotary posts, and a movable layingframe at the other end of thewalk, arranged with arms carrying whirl-hooks, and a drag to regulatethe motion of the movablelayingframe on the walk, substantially ashereinafter specified. f

In the drawings, Figure l is a view showing part of the upper end of thewalk with the vertical fixed twisting-machine and the gear for operatingthe same, one of t-he rotary posts, and the movable parting-frame. Fig.2 is a view of part of the lower end of the walk with another of therotary posts and the movable parting-frame and` the movable laying-framewith its drag. Fig. 3 is a detail of one of the rotary posts with itsadjustable arms. Fig. 4 is a front view ofthe fixed vertical twistingframe, parts being broken away. Fig. 5 is a side view of the fixedvertical twisting-frame. Fig. G is a d etail of the back end of theparting-trame, showing the grooved tops. Figs. 7 and 8 are detailperspective views of a laying-top and core-head, respectively.

In the drawings likelctters and figures of reference indicatecorresponding parts throughout the several views.

A is a stationary vertical twisting-frame, located at one end ot thewalk.

B is a single rail 0r track running the full length of the walk, onwhich the movable guide or parting frame C is adapted to travel. Themovable laying-frame D is at the other end of the track, and is shown inFig. 2 moved up toward the vertical twistin g-f rame as when the strandshave become somewhat twisted during the making ot the twine or cord. Adriving-pulley (not shown in the drawings) communicates motion to thewheel X, which gives motion to the endless cord c y a, (shown in Figs.l, 4, and 5,) which rotates the whirlho'oks h in the twisting-frame A,the adjacent hooks of each horizontal series of hooks being caused torotate, as hereinafter described, in opposite directions, so as to givea right or left hand twist to the strands, as may be desired.

The endless rope t' is driven by the pulley G on the same shaft as wheelX and passes over the double pulleys 7' j and overhead guide-sheaves jthe whole length of the walk. The endless rope i gives motion to thepulley L of the laying-frame D at the other end of the walk. (See Fig.2.)

E is one ot the rot-ary posts carrying arms E', which are verticallyadjustable by means of the screws w, working in slots w', formed -in theframe-piece 102, to which the arms E are attached, said arms beingheldiuposition,

by clamping the 'frame-piece 102 by means of the screw tu against therotary post E. In Figs. l and 2 the arms on the far side of the postEare shown as broken away. This post E has pivots 49, adapted to work inholes formed therefor in the base 50 and the frame 52 for the uppertrack, as shown in Fig. These arms E project to opposite sides of thepost, so that one post may be utilized for two adjacent walks. They canbe moved up or down so farasthe slots wpermit,and each post can berotated upon its pivots 49 so as to turn the arms E lengthwise of thewalk out of the way. The arms E carry the bridges K, between whichbridges spaces m are left to receive the yarns attached to the whirlorcord.

hooks 7L, which yarns also pass through the parting-hooks n inthe guideor part-ing frame C. These rotary posts E are placed along the track atdistances of thirty or forty feet to carry the-yarn as well as thefinished twine The guide or parting frame C vis partly suspended from anupper grooved track J, on which the wheels 0' travel, said wheels obeing attached to the parting-frame Cat each of the upper cornersthereof by the brackets 02, as particularly shown in Fig. 6, the wheels0' traveling in the lipped track J. (Best shown in Fig. 3.) The lowercorners of the frame C are kept in position on the lower track B by thegrooved wheels 03. This frame has arms C', on which are fixedguide-hooks n, the arms being so placed as to pass between and over thearms E as the guideframe is moved or pushed down the track.

p are spools on the guide-frame, on which the cores are wound, which areplaced on spindles attached to frames C on the side of,

the guide or parting frame C.

C2 are the arms on the back end'of the parting-frame, on which thetwisted yarn and twine rests. On the ends of these arms are the tops 20,with three grooves 2l, 22, and 23, as shown in Fig. 7. The pointed endsof .these tops 20 point toward the laying-frame D at the end of the walkopposite thatI in which the vertical twisting-frame is located, thestrands being twisted and the cords formed behind the pointed ends ofthe tops as the parting-,fratrie C is pushed along the track.

The core-heads q (shown in Fig. 8) may be substituted for the tops 2Owhen it is desired to form a rope of four or more strands with a core orheart. The core-head q is pierced with a hole q2 for the core, and hasgroovcs 6, 7, 8, and 9 to receive twisted strands, which are to beformed around the core when twine or small rope with a core or heart isformed, the core passing through the hole q2 and unwinding from thespools p as the rope is formed, as hereinafter described.

In Fig. 2 the guide-frame G is shown as having been moved to the end ofthe track, where the layingframe is located. This laying-frame carriesarms D', through which pass the Whirl-hooks CZ. These whirl-hooks aredriven by a single cord s, which passes around grooves in the pulley L',formed on wheel L, and over and under the tiers of pulleys K', the cordpassing from said pulley L over a 4guide-pulley Z at the top of theframe, to and around the top tier of pulleys to a guide-pulley Z',thence over and around the second tier of pulleys to anotherguide-pulley Z", from thence to the middle groove in the pulley L', andafter passing around said pulley it passes again to a fourthguide-pulley corresponding to guide-pulley Z, and thence around two ormore tiers of pulleys and guide-pulleys to the third groove in thepulley L', and again around two more tiers of pulleys back to said thirdgroove in the driving-pulley, and around two more tiers of pulleys, asbefore, until the cord has passed around all the pulleys, and afterpassing around all the small pulleys it returns to the middle groove inthe large ordriving pulley L. The grooves in the pulley L' should ofcourse be made wide enough to each take in two of the loops of the cords without the loops interfering with each other; but it is obvious thatthe pulley L may be provided with a groove for each loop.

The wheel L is driven by the endless rope t', which extends the wholelength of the walk, and the wheel can be driven in the direction shownby the arrow or in the opposite direction, according to the portion ofthe rope employed, said rope being looped under the pulley L', formed onwheel L. Vhen driven in the direction of the arrow, the wheel L acts asa brake on the motion of the laying-inachine on its track, which maysuiiice for small twines; but a drag-brake M is usually employed,attached to the frame of laying-machine D by the cord t. Thislaying-frame D is suspended from the overhead track J by the wheels 13,which run in the track, which is lipped to hold the wheels in place, andthe wheels are journaled on brackets 35 at the upper corners of thelaying-frame, the lower portion of the laying-frame being held in placeby the grooved wheels 14, which run on the track B in amanner similar tothe partingfranie C.

In Fig. 4E is a front view of the vertical twisting-frame A, which inthis drawing is designed for eighty-four spindles and contains twelvetiers ot' whirl-hooks h, seven in each tier. This frame is provided witha grooved wheel X, as also shown in Fig. 5, to receive the endless cordy z, which passes three times around said pulley X, each loopthereofpassing around one of the groups of pulleys 15, 16, and 17. Thatportion or loop marked operates on the pulleys 15 onthe upper fourtiers, turning them all in the same direction and passing around anidler 31, so as to give the cord more friction on the pulleys. The loopafter passing around the pulleys 15, passes back to the pulley X,entering another groove, after which it passes (as loop y) to the secondgroup of pulleys 16, and after passing around them as before returns tothe pulley X and passes around in the third groove, thus forming anotherloop e, which passes around the pulleys 17 in the lower four tiers andreturns to the first groove in the pulley, passing on its way around thepulleys 1S and 19. The latter is made adjustable by a screw 32, work ingin a slot- 32 in the frame and clamping the pulley 19 in the desiredposition to take up any slack formed in the endless cord, and th us keepa proper tension in the cord.

In Fig. 5 it is seen that the several sets of pulleys 15, 16, and 17 arearranged in eche lon, one set above the other vertically under therespective grooves in the grooved wheel X. The friction-pulleys 33 23ain each tier (in front of thc pulleys l5, 16, and 17) are in contactwith each other, as shown at the bot lOO IIO

tom of Fig. 4, where parts are represented as broken awa)T to show this,so that when the central one 23, carrying a whirl-hook, is driven by itspulleythe adjoining ones acquire motion from the others, with theirrespective whirl-hooks rotating alternately in opposite directions, sothat a rightor left hand twist can be given tothe strands, according tothe whirlhooks to which they are attached. The d riving pulleys l5, 16,and 17 are fixed to the same whirl-hooks as the central friction-pulleys23, which are of less diameter than the drivingpulleys. Journal-blocks24 for the whi rl-hooks 7L are slipped into place in the'groovedcrosspieces 25, and are held apart by the springs 26, which hold thejournals 24 in such position as to give the adjoining` contact-pulleys33 a grip on each other. Each friction or contact pulley 33 93 carries awhirl-hook 71 the whirlhooks being journaled, as indicated in Fig. t.

If a three-strand cord or twine is required, an equal number of threads,which go to form the separate strands, are attached in sets to threealternate whirl-hooks h on the vertical twisting-frame A, so as toreceive a right or left hand twist, as may be desired, and the threadsare then placed in corresponding parting-hooks n on an arm C of theguide or parting frame C. rlhe parting-frame C is then pushed along thetrack toward the laying-machine D three hundred or four hundred feetdistant, the arm C passing between the arms E on the stake-heads E andlaying the assorted threads in the spaces m, formed between the bridgesk on the arms E. Then the threads which go to form the th ree strands oftwine or cord are thusseparated and each set tied onto three or acorresponding number of hooks d on the laying-frame D, the whirlhooks hon the vertical twisting-frame A are thrown into rapid rotary motion,twisting the threads lying in the spaces m on the stakeheads E in thesame direction or manner, while the hooks d remain at rest. By theshortening up produced by such twisting the laying-frame D is drawn ashort distance along the track toward the parting-frame C, the motionbeing checked by the drag M. Then sufficient twist has been given tothese threads which form the strands, the motion ofthe whirl-hooks h issuspended for a period and the operation ot' continuing the formation ofthe three-strand twine or cord is as follows: Two of the twisted strandsattached to two of the hooks (l on the layingframe D are removed fromthe respective hooks to which they were attached while the strandswerebeing twisted, as just mentioned, and the three twisted strands aretied onto one and the Same hook d on thelaying-frame D. The whirl-hooksh onframe A and the hook d, to which the three strands are now attached,are then caused to rotate, and the guide or parting frame C is pushedback toward the other end of the walk, where the vertical twisting-frameA is situated, and the twisting goes on from both ends of the walk,

the twine or cord forming behind the pointed ends ot' the tops 2O on therear arm C of the parting-frame C as it is pushed along the track. Thishook CZ on thelaying-frame D in this nal operation is caused-to rotatein the direction desired by passing the endless cord under the pulley Lon wheel L and the direction is one opposite to that of the whirlhooks7L utilized in the vertical twistingframe A, and this hook rl, with theothers on frame D, is caused to run at a less rate of speed than thewhirl-hooks 7L utilized at the other end ot the walk. The motion of anyof the whirl-hooks d can bo reversed when necessary i-n the usualmanner, (according as a right or left hand twist is given to the strandsby the whirl-hooks 7L, which are utilized on the frame A,) so that eachend of the forming cord or twine may receive a twist inv oppositedirections. or four strand twine or cord may be formed, one or two cordsbeing in the course of formation at the same time on each of the twelverows of the frames indicated in the drawings.

When forming a rope with a core, the twisted strands are first formedas` hereinbefore mentioned, passing through the guidehooks n. The coreis then unwound from the Ill the Stull@ Dlclll H01 Zt twothrough thehole q2, formed on the core-head q and attached to a hook onlaying-frame D. y

The twisted strands from guide-hook n are then passed onto grooves 6, 7,8, and 9 on the core-head q, (see Fig. 8,) according to the number ofstrands in the cord and attached to the same hook as the core. Thetwisting is then started at the whirl-hooks h in the Stationary twistingframe A and the whirlhooks d on the movable laying-frame D, and the ropeis formed around the core, said core passing from the spool p throughthe hole q2 in the core-head to the whirl-hooks d on the laying-frame-D,the rope with the core being formed behind the core-head q as theguideframe is moved toward the vertical twistingframe A.

In the drawings I have shown a twistingframe adapted to carry eighty-four Whirlhooks; but the number may be increased or diminished, asdesired, as well asthe Inumber of other parts of the other operativeportions of the machine, a piece of rope or twine eX- tending the wholelength of the walk being formed by each tier ot' whirl-hooks on thevertical twisting-frame and laying-frame7 if so desired, the number ofhooks employed in 'the twisting-frame varying according to the number ofstrands cord. p

My system renders it possible to economize space and power and formtwine, cord, the., of the best quality with great rapidity.

lVhat I claim as my invention isl. In a twisting and laying machine Jforforming twine, cord, or rope, a vertical stationary twisting-framehaving a series of whirl-hooks in tiers, mechanism for rotating requiredin the rope or IOO IIO

the adjacent hooks in opposite directions, vertical rotary posts withvertically-adjustablc arms to receive and keep separate the sets ofstrands, mechanism for adjusting said arms, and a movable guide orparting frame having arms carrying parting-hooks to receive the strandsbefore and after being twisted, in combination with a movablelaying-frame having arms carrying Whirl-hooks, to which the strands ofthe cords to be formed are attached, mechanism for rotating saidWhirlhooks, and the laying-tops or coreheads,vthe Whole being arrangedand operated substantially as described.

2. The vertical stationary twisting-frame A, having the sets 15, 16, and17 of pulleys arranged in the frame on spindles in echelon to receivethe cord y z, in combination with said spindles and cord, the Wheel X,the friction or contact Wheels 33 and 23,Whirlhooks 71., and means fortaking up the slack of the endless cord y e, the Whole being arrangedand the whirl-hooks 7L actuated substantially as described andspecified.

3. The combination of the rotary Vertical post, the arms E on said post,having spaces m and bridges K on their upper sides, and means foradjusting the said arms vertically, as set forth.

4. The Vertical parting-frame C, the upper track J, the Wheels o',brackets o2, the lower track. 1`3,Whee ls o3, arms C', and parting-hooksa, fixed to said arms C', arranged substantially as described, and forthe purpose speciiied.

5. The Vertical parting-frame C, the upper track J, and lower track B,in combination with arms C', parting-hooks n, arm C2, and a grooved top,the whole being arranged sub stantially as described, and for thepurpose specified.

G. The combination of the vertical movable laying-frame D, the groovedupper track J and lower track B, wheels 13 and brackets 35, Wheels 14,wheel L, journaled on said frame, endless cord '12, pulley L', cord s,guidepulleys Z, and whirl-hooks d, having pulleys K', substantially asdescribed, and for the purpose specified.

7. The combination of vertical twistingt'rame A, Wheel X, pulleys 15,16, and 17, arranged in echelon on said frame, contact-pulleys 33 and 23and idler-pulleys 31, whirlhooks h, springs 26, endless cord fr: y z,pulley18, pulley 19, journaled on said frame,and means for adjustingsaid pulley 19 vertically, substantially as described and specified.

Toronto, August 5, 1885).

WALTER I1. AVIS. In presence of- CHARLEs C. BALDWIN, W. G. McMILLAN.

